{"id":297,"date":"2026-05-16T06:04:56","date_gmt":"2026-05-15T21:04:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hi-japan.com\/en\/under-value\/"},"modified":"2026-05-16T06:29:21","modified_gmt":"2026-05-15T21:29:21","slug":"under-value","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hi-japan.com\/en\/under-value\/","title":{"rendered":"Why Undervaluation is Detected at Customs \u2013 Essential Knowledge to Avoid Tax Evasion"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When importing goods from overseas, you need to be careful about the tax evasion practice known as &#8220;undervaluation&#8221;!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This refers to declaring a lower price than the actual value when clearing customs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example, it is a situation where you actually purchased a product for $100, but you declare to customs that you bought it for $20.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the tariff rate were 10%, you would normally have to pay $10 (10% of $100). However, by declaring $20, you only pay $2 (10% of $20), meaning you are evading taxes on the $8 difference.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Even if you do not intentionally write a lower amount, you may end up committing undervaluation without realizing it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For instance, even for novelty items (items received as free gifts), the rule is to declare the &#8220;inherent value of the product.&#8221; Therefore, not declaring it just because it was free is considered unacceptable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In fact, unintentional undervaluation happens much more frequently than deliberate cases. Therefore, in this article, we would like to share essential knowledge to help you avoid tax evasion!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3 Causes of Unintentional Undervaluation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/hi-japan.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/under-value-2.jpeg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hi-japan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/under-value-2.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15576\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Stating an amount lower than the actual product price is probably the most common case of undervaluation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The customs declaration form you receive when taking an international flight is the easiest example to imagine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You often see television programs where people try to leave customs without declaring items, only to have things like cigarettes confiscated!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, aside from that, there are three types of undervaluation that are difficult to notice on your own.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Failure to Declare Minor Materials<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When importing for personal use, it is usually not a major issue as some countries apply a simple customs duty calculation, such as taxing only a percentage of the product price.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, in the case of commercial imports, it becomes more complex because duties are often calculated based on the &#8220;product price + shipping + insurance (if used) + other expenses.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Many people might wonder, &#8220;Are customs duties applied to shipping and insurance too?&#8221; However, this is actually a standard legal rule in many countries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The main issue lies in the &#8220;other expenses&#8221; part, which primarily refers to &#8220;materials.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example, suppose materials are more expensive overseas, so you purchase $5 worth of fabric and a $1 cardboard box domestically and provide them to a foreign manufacturer free of charge to produce your goods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Then, what happens when you import the finished $10 product (including shipping costs) back into your country?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the materials that should have been purchased in the manufacturing country are provided for free, that naturally reflects in the product price!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In that case, the correct price should not be $10, but rather $16, which includes the cost of the fabric and the cardboard box.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Therefore, in this scenario, you must pay duties based on the &#8220;customs value&#8221; of $16 upon import, rather than the actual price of $10.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Adjusting the Invoice<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After successfully clearing customs and opening the delivered goods, you may encounter problems such as &#8220;it was a completely different product,&#8221; &#8220;it was broken,&#8221; or &#8220;the quantity was short.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As a result, during the next import, it is easy for a situation to arise where the supplier says, &#8220;The products are actually worth $1,000, but since $200 worth of items were broken last time, we will discount it to $800 this time.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, this also takes the form of undervaluation. Even if you are being compensated for broken products, you must still declare the correct value properly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the response is to refund the product price, make sure to negotiate with the manufacturer to see if they can compensate you for the &#8220;customs duties, consumption taxes, and shipping costs&#8221; as well!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Goodwill of the Exporter<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There may be times when an exporter creates an invoice with a lower amount out of goodwill, such as when buying from a close friend or when they want to maintain ongoing business with you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To be honest, in such cases, the undervaluation might rarely be discovered during customs clearance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, from the perspective of customs, this is no different from intentionally declaring an undervalued amount yourself, and it can result in severe penalties later on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Make a conscious effort to build a business model that remains profitable even when customs duties are properly paid!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why Undervaluation is Detected<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/hi-japan.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/under-value-3.jpeg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hi-japan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/under-value-3.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15577\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">So, how exactly does customs discover that an item has been undervalued?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There are two possibilities for this.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The System Detects Anomalies During Import Clearance<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Customs authorities in many countries use advanced electronic systems for customs clearance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These systems store all past customs records, forming what is known as big data!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This allows the system to instantly determine the approximate market price based on the country of origin, product category, and other factors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Therefore, if a product that normally costs around $10 is priced suspiciously low at $1, or abnormally high at $100, the system detects an anomaly and alerts customs officials to &#8220;inspect this package strictly.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In our experience, systems generally classify shipments into different risk levels (let&#8217;s call them A, B, and C). If level A is triggered, the import permit is issued immediately. If level B is triggered, a customs official checks the invoice. If level C is triggered, the package undergoes a physical unboxing inspection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mistakes Discovered During Post-Clearance Audits<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Just like standard tax audits, there are also customs audits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These audits typically occur once every few years to check for any discrepancies in import permits, invoices, and payment records.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the audit reveals that the declared amount was lower than the actual amount, it is considered undervaluation. You will then be required to pay additional penalty taxes or heavy penalty taxes, along with the shortfall in customs duties and consumption taxes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When you receive a notification for a customs audit, you usually get a grace period before the inspection. It is highly recommended to review your records again before the audit, and if you find any mistakes, file an &#8220;amended declaration&#8221; in advance!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the errors are discovered during the audit, you will have to pay additional taxes. However, if you file an amended declaration beforehand, you can often avoid these penalty-like taxes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Our Services Related to This Article<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/hi-japan.com\/en\/import-export-support\/\">Import and Export Support \u2013 Research, Arrangement, and Procedural Agency Services for Transportation Between Japan and Hawaii (USA)<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Discover the three hidden causes of unintentional undervaluation and learn how customs detects tax evasion to ensure smooth import processes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":296,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"emanon_ad_label_edit":"initial","emanon_featured_entry":"","emanon_hide_featured_image":"","emanon_disabled_overlay":"","emanon_hide_title":"","emanon_hide_sidebar":"","emanon_hide_breadcrumb":"","emanon_hide_toc":"","emanon_hide_sns":"","emanon_hide_follow":"","emanon_hide_author_card":"","emanon_hide_entry_tag":"","emanon_hide_pre_nex":"","emanon_hide_related_post":"","emanon_hide_ad":"","emanon_disabled_background_color":"","emanon_hide_floating_hamburger_menu":"","emanon_hide_footer_section":"","emanon_hide_fixed_footer_menu":"","get_emanon_reviewer_name":[],"emanon_cta_id":"","emanon_cta_floating_id":"","emanon_cta_newsletter_id":"","emanon_noindex":"","emanon_nofollow":"","emanon_meta_description":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-297","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-import-export-support"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Why Undervaluation is Detected at Customs \u2013 Essential Knowledge to Avoid Tax Evasion - HiJapan | Japan-Hawaii Business Expansion, Global eCommerce &amp; Trade Support<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Looking for info on undervaluation? 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